Volatilities

Highest volatilities
Lowest volatilities

Highest volatilities Thursday, May 15 2008, 16:15 EST DST (2008-05-15 20:15 UTC)

	1 Month			3 Months			1 Year			3 Years
n.	Currency	Currency	Volatility, %	Currency	Currency	Volatility, %	Currency	Currency	Volatility, %	Currency	Currency	Volatility, %
1	ZAR	JPY	21.02	ZAR	JPY	28.23	TRY	JPY	22.94	TRY	JPY	16.72
2	BRL	JPY	19.38	TRY	JPY	27.66	ZAR	JPY	21.44	ZAR	JPY	16.60
3	ZAR	CHF	19.35	TRY	CHF	25.54	NZD	JPY	19.76	ZAR	THB	15.88
4	BRL	CHF	19.08	ZAR	CHF	25.12	BRL	JPY	19.39	TRY	THB	15.08
5	ZAR	NOK	18.22	TRY	CZK	22.14	TRY	THB	19.19	BRL	JPY	15.07
6	TRY	JPY	18.05	ZAR	ILS	22.05	TRY	CHF	18.81	TRY	CHF	14.87
7	TRY	CHF	17.80	TRY	ILS	21.71	ZAR	THB	18.59	BRL	THB	14.45
8	ZAR	CZK	17.11	ZAR	CLP	21.56	AUD	JPY	18.40	ZAR	CHF	14.38
9	ZAR	CAD	16.90	ZAR	CZK	21.54	THB	JPY	17.89	NZD	JPY	14.09
10	CAD	BRL	16.84	TRY	NOK	21.41	BRL	THB	17.61	ZAR	USD	14.05
11	NZD	JPY	16.56	TRY	EUR	21.13	NZD	THB	17.59	ZAR	SAR	14.04
12	ZAR	SEK	16.47	ZAR	EUR	20.99	ZAR	CHF	17.46	ZAR	CNY	14.03
13	ZAR	PLN	16.46	TRY	CLP	20.79	AUD	THB	16.95	ZAR	HKD	14.01
14	ZAR	CLP	16.26	ZAR	NOK	20.72	TRY	CZK	16.67	ZAR	CLP	13.91
15	BRL	CZK	16.16	DKK	TRY	20.62	NOK	THB	16.41	TRY	NOK	13.70
16	ILS	JPY	16.08	ZAR	DKK	20.32	CAD	THB	16.31	BRL	CHF	13.65
17	ZAR	DKK	15.96	TRY	SEK	20.03	CHF	THB	16.23	NZD	THB	13.64
18	ILS	CHF	15.83	BRL	JPY	19.94	TRY	ILS	16.12	ZAR	ILS	13.52
19	BRL	NOK	15.82	NZD	JPY	19.56	ILS	THB	16.09	ZAR	NOK	13.48
20	CLP	CHF	15.81	ZAR	SEK	19.53	HUF	JPY	15.90	TRY	CZK	13.45
21	ZAR	EUR	15.72	ZAR	SGD	19.32	SAR	TRY	15.80	ZAR	TWD	13.40
22	CAD	CLP	15.67	TRY	PLN	19.21	TRY	CLP	15.78	ZAR	IDR	13.37
23	TRY	NOK	15.57	KRW	JPY	19.17	HUF	THB	15.78	ZAR	CAD	13.36
24	ZAR	AUD	15.56	THB	JPY	19.10	CZK	THB	15.78	ZAR	BRL	13.35
25	ZAR	BRL	15.42	ZAR	PLN	19.03	CAD	JPY	15.76	ZAR	INR	13.35
26	BRL	PLN	15.41	ZAR	CNY	19.01	CLP	THB	15.72	ZAR	MYR	13.31
27	BRL	SEK	15.39	ZAR	MYR	18.96	HKD	TRY	15.70	ZAR	KRW	13.27
28	ZAR	HUF	15.16	ZAR	USD	18.77	TRY	CNY	15.69	ZAR	NZD	13.17
29	CAD	JPY	15.14	ZAR	SAR	18.77	USD	TRY	15.66	TRY	EUR	13.16
30	ZAR	ILS	14.97	ZAR	HKD	18.58	TRY	EUR	15.66	NOK	THB	13.15
31	CAD	TRY	14.86	AUD	JPY	18.54	THB	SEK	15.55	HUF	THB	13.00
32	GBP	JPY	14.86	SGD	TRY	18.51	BRL	CHF	15.35	ZAR	EUR	13.00
33	BRL	DKK	14.85	CAD	JPY	18.45	TRY	NOK	15.35	ZAR	CZK	12.98
34	NOK	CLP	14.66	ZAR	TWD	18.42	DKK	TRY	15.31	TRY	SEK	12.96
35	TRY	SEK	14.64	ZAR	THB	18.22	ZAR	CLP	15.30	BRL	NOK	12.95
36	ZAR	KRW	14.56	TRY	THB	18.20	PLN	THB	15.29	ZAR	SGD	12.91
37	ZAR	INR	14.48	ZAR	INR	17.82	EUR	THB	15.23	DKK	TRY	12.90
38	TRY	CZK	14.38	TRY	MYR	17.75	TWD	TRY	15.21	TRY	CLP	12.82
39	CHF	GBP	14.38	CHF	THB	17.60	ZAR	CNY	15.15	SAR	TRY	12.79
40	BRL	EUR	14.34	TRY	CNY	17.60	ZAR	ILS	15.14	TRY	CNY	12.78
41	BRL	AUD	14.27	ZAR	IDR	17.59	ZAR	SAR	15.12	USD	TRY	12.77
42	DKK	TRY	14.21	ZAR	CAD	17.56	NZD	CHF	15.10	HKD	TRY	12.75
43	CAD	CHF	14.19	BRL	CHF	17.55	ZAR	USD	15.09	ZAR	DKK	12.71
44	ZAR	SGD	14.13	ZAR	KRW	17.46	ZAR	CZK	15.08	THB	JPY	12.70
45	ZAR	TWD	14.08	HKD	TRY	17.32	DKK	THB	15.01	TRY	ILS	12.70
46	ZAR	MYR	14.05	USD	TRY	17.31	ZAR	HKD	14.98	BRL	CZK	12.67
47	CLP	JPY	14.01	SAR	TRY	17.31	ZAR	TWD	14.79	PLN	THB	12.66
48	NZD	CHF	13.98	CAD	TRY	17.23	MXN	THB	14.74	ZAR	SEK	12.66
49	TRY	PLN	13.91	TRY	INR	17.23	GBP	THB	14.71	ZAR	GBP	12.65
50	CHF	MXN	13.91	TRY	GBP	17.23	SGD	TRY	14.71	TRY	GBP	12.62
51	CHF	INR	13.87	KRW	CHF	17.19	ZAR	EUR	14.65	CAD	TRY	12.57
52	BRL	INR	13.86	KRW	ILS	17.17	IDR	THB	14.63	AUD	THB	12.52
53	ZAR	USD	13.79	ZAR	GBP	17.10	TRY	SEK	14.61	BRL	SEK	12.41
54	ZAR	SAR	13.79	TWD	TRY	17.01	KRW	THB	14.59	NZD	TRY	12.38
55	BRL	ILS	13.76	ILS	JPY	16.96	TRY	GBP	14.43	THB	SEK	12.36
56	BRL	MYR	13.74	HUF	JPY	16.95	ZAR	NOK	14.43	NZD	BRL	12.33
57	NOK	GBP	13.73	ZAR	AUD	16.71	TRY	INR	14.42	BRL	GBP	12.33
58	CLP	CZK	13.70	ZAR	MXN	16.71	CAD	TRY	14.39	AUD	JPY	12.32
59	CAD	ILS	13.67	CAD	ILS	16.69	NZD	ILS	14.37	TWD	TRY	12.28
60	ZAR	THB	13.64	TRY	HUF	16.62	ZAR	INR	14.26	CZK	THB	12.27
61	NOK	ILS	13.62	CLP	THB	16.62	ZAR	IDR	14.24	BRL	EUR	12.27
62	BRL	HUF	13.60	NZD	CHF	16.54	ZAR	DKK	14.24	CHF	THB	12.25
63	INR	JPY	13.60	BRL	ILS	16.54	MYR	THB	14.21	ZAR	MXN	12.20
64	AUD	TRY	13.56	AUD	TRY	16.42	ZAR	SGD	14.21	KRW	TRY	12.15
65	AUD	JPY	13.56	CAD	CHF	16.34	KRW	TRY	14.20	CAD	THB	12.10
66	CZK	GBP	13.52	KRW	TRY	16.34	NOK	JPY	14.13	BRL	ILS	12.07
67	CZK	INR	13.52	ZAR	HUF	16.32	ZAR	KRW	14.08	BRL	DKK	12.06
68	ZAR	CNY	13.52	AUD	ILS	16.30	TRY	MYR	14.04	CAD	BRL	12.05
69	ZAR	HKD	13.51	NZD	ILS	16.19	BRL	ILS	14.02	ZAR	AUD	12.02
70	CAD	HUF	13.46	ILS	THB	16.11	SAR	THB	14.01	TRY	INR	12.01
71	IDR	BRL	13.43	ILS	CHF	16.08	IDR	TRY	13.99	BRL	HUF	12.00
72	AUD	CLP	13.39	IDR	TRY	16.05	ZAR	CAD	13.97	IDR	TRY	11.99
73	BRL	TWD	13.36	ZAR	BRL	16.02	ZAR	MYR	13.96	SGD	TRY	11.98
74	CAD	KRW	13.34	INR	JPY	15.92	ZAR	SEK	13.91	HUF	JPY	11.97
75	TRY	EUR	13.32	CLP	JPY	15.85	NZD	SAR	13.90	BRL	PLN	11.84
76	MXN	JPY	13.29	MXN	JPY	15.83	USD	THB	13.87	TRY	MYR	11.76
77	ZAR	IDR	13.29	GBP	JPY	15.70	INR	THB	13.82	BRL	SAR	11.68
78	BRL	CLP	13.25	CLP	ILS	15.67	TWD	THB	13.78	IDR	BRL	11.67
79	NOK	INR	13.24	NOK	THB	15.53	TRY	PLN	13.78	EUR	THB	11.66
80	PLN	CLP	13.24	CZK	THB	15.44	HKD	THB	13.78	BRL	USD	11.64
81	KRW	JPY	13.21	ZAR	NZD	15.28	SGD	THB	13.76	CLP	THB	11.62
82	HUF	JPY	13.20	AUD	CHF	15.14	BRL	CZK	13.74	BRL	CNY	11.59
83	KRW	CHF	13.17	TRY	MXN	14.98	ZAR	GBP	13.74	HKD	BRL	11.58
84	ZAR	MXN	13.15	CHF	MXN	14.94	ILS	JPY	13.73	ILS	THB	11.58
85	PLN	ILS	13.06	IDR	JPY	14.93	NZD	USD	13.73	TRY	PLN	11.57
86	KRW	NOK	13.04	CLP	CHF	14.91	NZD	HKD	13.71	BRL	INR	11.57
87	CAD	GBP	13.02	ILS	HUF	14.85	CNY	THB	13.71	CAD	JPY	11.54
88	NZD	CLP	12.99	NOK	ILS	14.84	NZD	CLP	13.69	DKK	THB	11.50
89	CZK	ILS	12.99	KRW	CZK	14.77	AUD	CHF	13.64	BRL	KRW	11.47
90	BRL	SGD	12.93	BRL	CZK	14.73	NZD	CNY	13.61	IDR	THB	11.46
91	BRL	THB	12.86	TWD	ILS	14.73	NZD	CZK	13.51	BRL	TWD	11.43
92	BRL	CNY	12.83	CAD	CLP	14.71	AUD	ILS	13.48	NZD	CHF	11.36
93	ZAR	NZD	12.82	NZD	CLP	14.62	BRL	SAR	13.31	AUD	TRY	11.35
94	BRL	SAR	12.77	TWD	JPY	14.61	BRL	USD	13.30	MXN	THB	11.33
95	BRL	USD	12.77	ILS	GBP	14.61	ZAR	NZD	13.30	ZAR	PLN	11.30
96	NOK	MXN	12.74	MYR	JPY	14.60	NZD	TWD	13.29	GBP	THB	11.27
97	CZK	JPY	12.73	BRL	TRY	14.53	PLN	JPY	13.26	NZD	ILS	11.24
98	HKD	BRL	12.70	CHF	INR	14.50	KRW	JPY	13.24	NZD	IDR	11.24
99	DKK	CLP	12.69	NOK	JPY	14.49	HKD	BRL	13.22	BRL	CLP	11.23
100	CLP	SEK	12.67	NZD	TRY	14.46	MXN	JPY	13.16	BRL	AUD	11.15

Lowest volatilities Thursday, May 15 2008, 16:15 EST DST (2008-05-15 20:15 UTC)

	1 Month			3 Months			1 Year			3 Years
n.	Currency	Currency	Volatility, %	Currency	Currency	Volatility, %	Currency	Currency	Volatility, %	Currency	Currency	Volatility, %
1	USD	SAR	0.00	USD	SAR	0.00	HKD	USD	1.25	HKD	USD	1.15
2	HKD	SAR	1.16	HKD	USD	1.23	USD	SAR	1.34	USD	SAR	1.26
3	HKD	USD	1.16	HKD	SAR	1.23	HKD	SAR	1.60	HKD	SAR	1.31
4	USD	CNY	1.93	USD	CNY	1.94	USD	CNY	1.76	HKD	CNY	1.60
5	SAR	CNY	1.93	SAR	CNY	1.94	HKD	CNY	1.89	USD	CNY	1.62
6	HKD	CNY	2.02	HKD	CNY	2.20	DKK	EUR	2.19	DKK	EUR	1.71
7	DKK	EUR	2.26	DKK	EUR	2.39	SAR	CNY	2.22	SAR	CNY	1.93
8	IDR	CNY	2.64	DKK	SEK	2.97	TWD	USD	3.57	SGD	MYR	3.39
9	DKK	SEK	2.72	EUR	SEK	3.85	SGD	MYR	3.69	DKK	CHF	3.51
10	IDR	USD	2.74	IDR	USD	4.36	HKD	TWD	3.69	SGD	CNY	3.55
11	IDR	SAR	2.74	IDR	SAR	4.36	TWD	CNY	3.73	HKD	SGD	3.66
12	EUR	SEK	2.86	SGD	MYR	4.44	DKK	SEK	3.76	SGD	USD	3.68
13	IDR	HKD	3.12	IDR	HKD	4.47	TWD	SAR	3.77	SGD	SAR	3.73
14	SGD	CNY	3.87	SAR	MXN	4.57	SGD	CNY	3.96	DKK	SEK	3.74
15	USD	THB	4.01	USD	MXN	4.57	SGD	USD	4.04	SGD	TWD	3.77
16	SAR	THB	4.01	HKD	MXN	4.58	HKD	SGD	4.13	TWD	USD	3.81
17	HKD	THB	4.02	SGD	CNY	4.72	SGD	SAR	4.21	TWD	CNY	3.82
18	SGD	MYR	4.03	IDR	CNY	4.79	SGD	TWD	4.25	MYR	CNY	3.87
19	CNY	THB	4.04	SGD	USD	4.89	EUR	SEK	4.37	EUR	CHF	3.87
20	PLN	CZK	4.29	SGD	SAR	4.89	DKK	PLN	4.81	USD	MYR	3.88
21	IDR	TWD	4.39	CNY	MXN	4.92	DKK	CHF	4.91	HKD	TWD	3.90
22	SGD	TWD	4.40	HKD	SGD	4.97	PLN	EUR	5.03	HKD	MYR	3.97
23	PLN	SEK	4.41	PLN	SEK	5.04	PLN	SEK	5.05	TWD	SAR	4.00
24	NOK	CZK	4.42	DKK	PLN	5.07	USD	INR	5.23	EUR	SEK	4.02
25	TWD	CNY	4.46	PLN	EUR	5.26	CZK	EUR	5.25	SAR	MYR	4.05
26	HKD	MXN	4.47	SGD	TWD	5.60	HKD	MXN	5.27	CZK	EUR	4.40
27	USD	MXN	4.51	IDR	SGD	5.61	USD	MXN	5.30	TWD	MYR	4.41
28	SAR	MXN	4.51	TWD	CNY	5.66	EUR	CHF	5.33	USD	INR	4.55
29	IDR	SGD	4.51	TWD	SAR	5.67	MYR	CNY	5.33	DKK	CZK	4.57
30	IDR	THB	4.60	TWD	USD	5.67	PLN	HUF	5.35	SAR	INR	4.65
31	TWD	USD	4.92	IDR	MXN	5.78	IDR	MYR	5.36	HKD	INR	4.67
32	TWD	SAR	4.92	IDR	TWD	5.86	USD	MYR	5.38	SGD	INR	4.72
33	CNY	MXN	4.97	HKD	TWD	5.87	HKD	INR	5.40	MYR	INR	4.74
34	CZK	SEK	5.01	NOK	SEK	6.03	SGD	INR	5.40	CNY	INR	4.75
35	PLN	EUR	5.06	IDR	MYR	6.07	SAR	MXN	5.42	TWD	KRW	4.76
36	HKD	TWD	5.17	DKK	NOK	6.14	DKK	CZK	5.42	SGD	KRW	4.94
37	TWD	MYR	5.17	CZK	EUR	6.25	CNY	INR	5.45	DKK	GBP	5.08
38	DKK	CZK	5.22	MYR	CNY	6.47	MYR	INR	5.46	TWD	INR	5.15
39	PLN	HUF	5.23	DKK	CZK	6.48	SAR	INR	5.47	KRW	MYR	5.29
40	SGD	USD	5.24	IDR	INR	6.51	TWD	MYR	5.49	EUR	GBP	5.37
41	SGD	SAR	5.24	SAR	MYR	6.57	CNY	MXN	5.50	KRW	CNY	5.37
42	DKK	PLN	5.25	USD	MYR	6.57	SGD	EUR	5.51	USD	KRW	5.40
43	HKD	SGD	5.26	SGD	MXN	6.62	SGD	MXN	5.52	DKK	SGD	5.41
44	SGD	THB	5.26	NOK	EUR	6.64	DKK	SGD	5.55	PLN	HUF	5.45
45	CZK	EUR	5.29	MYR	INR	6.70	SAR	MYR	5.56	CHF	SEK	5.45
46	SGD	EUR	5.36	SGD	INR	6.70	HKD	MYR	5.56	HKD	KRW	5.51
47	IDR	MXN	5.39	USD	INR	6.74	TWD	INR	5.59	NOK	EUR	5.55
48	NOK	SEK	5.54	SAR	INR	6.74	TWD	KRW	5.76	SGD	EUR	5.57
49	DKK	NOK	5.59	TWD	MYR	6.74	NOK	EUR	5.90	SAR	KRW	5.63
50	TWD	INR	5.61	PLN	NOK	6.74	MYR	MXN	5.93	CZK	CHF	5.68
51	PLN	NOK	5.62	DKK	CHF	6.75	USD	KRW	5.97	DKK	NOK	5.73
52	NOK	EUR	5.63	CZK	SEK	6.78	TWD	MXN	5.98	SGD	GBP	5.76
53	CZK	HUF	5.79	HKD	MYR	6.79	NOK	SEK	5.99	KRW	INR	5.76
54	TWD	THB	5.81	SGD	EUR	6.80	KRW	CNY	6.00	CZK	SEK	5.80
55	DKK	HUF	5.82	HKD	INR	6.80	SGD	KRW	6.03	HKD	MXN	5.91
56	EUR	HUF	5.92	PLN	HUF	6.85	MXN	INR	6.07	PLN	CZK	5.96
57	DKK	CHF	5.94	NZD	AUD	6.87	HKD	KRW	6.11	SGD	MXN	5.98
58	AUD	SEK	6.09	EUR	CHF	6.90	DKK	NOK	6.12	USD	MXN	5.98
59	MYR	INR	6.11	CNY	INR	6.94	SAR	KRW	6.16	CNY	MXN	6.02
60	MXN	THB	6.13	TWD	MXN	6.96	IDR	SGD	6.18	NOK	SEK	6.02
61	DKK	SGD	6.17	PLN	CZK	6.98	KRW	INR	6.25	USD	CLP	6.07
62	CHF	SEK	6.17	TWD	INR	7.04	SGD	GBP	6.25	DKK	PLN	6.08
63	IDR	MYR	6.22	MXN	INR	7.15	PLN	CZK	6.27	SAR	MXN	6.09
64	IDR	INR	6.25	DKK	SGD	7.61	KRW	MYR	6.28	CLP	CNY	6.11
65	SGD	SEK	6.35	SGD	SEK	7.65	PLN	NOK	6.42	HKD	CLP	6.12
66	MYR	CNY	6.37	MYR	MXN	7.78	IDR	MXN	6.49	MYR	MXN	6.15
67	NOK	HUF	6.37	CHF	SEK	7.87	DKK	GBP	6.51	IDR	MYR	6.15
68	HUF	SEK	6.40	CHF	JPY	7.90	CZK	SEK	6.55	PLN	EUR	6.22
69	SGD	INR	6.49	SGD	PLN	8.09	IDR	USD	6.57	SAR	CLP	6.23
70	KRW	MXN	6.60	HKD	EUR	8.15	NZD	AUD	6.58	SGD	CLP	6.32
71	MYR	THB	6.66	HKD	GBP	8.21	SGD	SEK	6.59	TWD	MXN	6.38
72	DKK	AUD	6.72	NOK	CZK	8.22	HKD	GBP	6.61	GBP	SEK	6.41
73	TWD	MXN	6.73	HUF	SEK	8.24	IDR	INR	6.62	CLP	MYR	6.42
74	CNY	INR	6.75	DKK	HUF	8.32	KRW	MXN	6.66	IDR	SGD	6.45
75	SGD	MXN	6.80	USD	GBP	8.42	IDR	CNY	6.68	TWD	GBP	6.47
76	AUD	EUR	6.80	SAR	GBP	8.42	CNY	GBP	6.71	NZD	AUD	6.49
77	MXN	GBP	6.82	HKD	SEK	8.44	USD	GBP	6.75	CHF	GBP	6.53
78	EUR	CHF	6.84	CNY	EUR	8.45	IDR	HKD	6.76	SAR	GBP	6.57
79	CNY	EUR	6.85	IDR	GBP	8.46	IDR	SAR	6.76	MYR	GBP	6.58
80	USD	INR	6.95	SGD	GBP	8.47	DKK	CNY	6.77	DKK	TWD	6.60
81	SAR	INR	6.95	IDR	KRW	8.54	TWD	GBP	6.79	HKD	GBP	6.61
82	TWD	KRW	7.02	USD	EUR	8.58	SAR	GBP	6.80	CNY	GBP	6.63
83	HKD	KRW	7.04	SAR	EUR	8.58	HKD	DKK	6.81	DKK	CNY	6.64
84	KRW	CNY	7.07	HKD	DKK	8.65	CNY	EUR	6.84	PLN	SEK	6.64
85	USD	KRW	7.15	CNY	GBP	8.67	MYR	EUR	6.85	DKK	MYR	6.66
86	SAR	KRW	7.15	NZD	HUF	8.68	EUR	GBP	6.86	DKK	SAR	6.66
87	NZD	AUD	7.16	TWD	KRW	8.78	MYR	GBP	6.87	USD	GBP	6.67
88	INR	THB	7.16	TWD	GBP	8.78	DKK	MYR	6.90	HKD	DKK	6.70
89	SGD	AUD	7.18	MXN	GBP	8.80	CHF	SEK	6.93	TWD	EUR	6.72
90	SGD	KRW	7.28	CNY	SEK	8.82	IDR	TWD	6.95	SGD	CHF	6.73
91	IDR	EUR	7.30	KRW	MXN	8.92	HKD	EUR	7.01	SAR	EUR	6.73
92	USD	MYR	7.34	CZK	CHF	8.99	USD	EUR	7.03	SGD	ILS	6.73
93	SAR	MYR	7.34	EUR	HUF	8.99	HUF	SEK	7.04	CNY	EUR	6.75
94	HKD	INR	7.35	USD	SEK	9.00	SAR	EUR	7.05	MYR	EUR	6.76
95	TWD	EUR	7.43	SAR	SEK	9.00	DKK	USD	7.08	SGD	SEK	6.78
96	IDR	KRW	7.44	IDR	EUR	9.01	CZK	CHF	7.08	DKK	USD	6.79
97	AUD	CZK	7.49	IDR	SEK	9.05	DKK	SAR	7.09	USD	EUR	6.80
98	HKD	MYR	7.50	DKK	CNY	9.07	SGD	PLN	7.12	TWD	CLP	6.84
99	HKD	GBP	7.59	MYR	EUR	9.20	DKK	TWD	7.25	CZK	GBP	6.85
100	GBP	THB	7.70	MYR	GBP	9.22	MXN	GBP	7.29	IDR	TWD	6.85

Page updated: 2008-05-15 19:10 EST DST (2008-05-15 23:10 UTC)